LED Online Seminar 2018 - Working Group 7
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Dear working group members. This is your group page and you will be completing the template gradually as we move through the seminar. Good luck and enjoy your collaboration!
Assignment 1 - Reading and Synthesizing Core Terminology
- You can read more details about this assignment here
- Readings are accessible via the resources page
Step 1: Your Landscape Democracy Manifestoes
Step 2: Define your readings
- Please add your readings selection for the terminology exercise before April 18:
A: Landscape and Democracy
Sanja - The New Urban Agenda Quito Declaration on Sustainable Cities and Human Settlements for All, UN resolution from December 2016
B: Concepts of Participation
Sarah - Day, Christopher: Consensus Design
Sanja - Sanoff, Henry (2014): Multiple Views of Participatory Design, Focus
C: Community and Identity
Sarah - Spirn, Anne: Restoring Mill Creek
Giulia - Nassauer, Joan Iverson (1995): Culture and Changing Landscape Structure, Landscape Ecology, vol. 10 no. 4.
D: Designing
Giulia - Hester, Randolph (2006): Design for Ecological Democracy - Everyday Future, The MIT Press
Sarah - Hester, Randolph: Democratic Drawing - Techniques for Participatory Design
E: Communicating a Vision
Giulia - 'Reading the Landscape' by Simon Bell, EMU Tartu
farzaneh - Olwig, Kenneth R. (1996): "Recovering the Substantive Nature of Landscape" In: Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 86 (4), pp. 630-653. Cambridge/Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.
farzaneh - Welk Von Mossner, Alexa (2014): Cinematic Landscapes, In: Topos, No. 88, 2014.
Steps 3 and 4: Concepts Selection and definition
- Each group member selects three relevant concepts derived from his/her readings and synthesize them/publish them on the wiki by May 9, 2018
- Group members reflect within their groups and define their chosen concepts into a shared definition to be posted on the wiki by June 6, 2018.
- Other group members will be able to comment on the definitions until June 12, 2018
- Each group will also report on their process to come to a set of shared definitions of key landscape democracy concepts on the wiki documentation until June 20, 2018
Concepts and definitions
Author 1: Sanja Budinski
- CONCEPT 1 (Sanoff, Henry (2014): Multiple Views of Participatory Design) - Participatory design is a force of change in creation of human's environments creating benefits such as citizen empowerment, increasing social capital and promoting a sense of community.
- CONCEPT 2 (The New Urban Agenda Quito Declaration on Sustainable Cities and Human Settlements for All, UN resolution from December 2016) - Principles of sustainable and inclusive urban prosperity, equity and opportunity for all will ensure successful transformation of our cities in the process of global urbanization.
- CONCEPT 3 (The New Urban Agenda Quito Declaration on Sustainable Cities and Human Settlements for All, UN resolution from December 2016) - People centered planning needs to go beyond community engagement to empower all individuals and communities in order to end all forms of discrimination.
Author 2: Sarah Jankowski
- CONCEPT 1: "Socially inclusive process - Consensus vs. democracy": It is the concept about everybody participating at a planning process or desicion. Everybody comes to the same opinion in the end without an arising minority (Day, Christofer: Consensus Design).
- CONCEPT 2: "Environmental Justice and City Planning and Design": The concept of landscape literacy invites inhabitants of the Mill Creek getting literate (landscape literacy). That means they have to study their history, experience and culture. After that they start to recognize the problems in their environment (Spirn, Anne: Restoring Mill Creek).
- CONCEPT 3: "Techniques for Participatory Design": The aim is to create places with people by visualizing, communicating and designing by 5 special methods. These are representing the people, exchanging professional knowledge, coauthoring design, empowering people to represent themselves and visualizing deep values (Hester, Randolph: Democratic Drawing).
Author 3: Farzaneh Rezabeigy Sani
- CONCEPT 1: "Palladian landscape": It is the concept about style of building developed by Andrea Palladio in Italy. his style in the building makes a visionary landscape which holds in our mind. because of geometry, uniformity, and proportion. ( Olwig, Kenneth R. (1996): "Recovering the Substantive Nature of Landscape").
- CONCEPT 2: "Nature, custom, and landscape": landscape has a strong relation ship with the custom and nature, as in Islamic history of building mosques always have elaborated and expensive sceneries, they always have been placed in the center using a one-point perspective.( Olwig, Kenneth R. (1996): "Recovering the Substantive Nature of Landscape").
- CONCEPT 3: "Landscape demolishing as a film making process": What we see represented in the film is therefore a form of what the American literary scholar Rob Nixon has called slow violence – a process of delayed environmental destruction that is dispersed across time and space.Welk Von Mossner, Alexa (2014): Cinematic Landscapes, In Topos, No. 88, 2014.
Author 5: Giulia Chiussi
LANDSCAPE AT HUMAN SCALE
- AESTHETIC: considering the feedback loop between culture and landscape, the landscape can be changed according to aesthetic qualities that guides human behavior
- EXPERIENCE: it is essential to know what are people habits and what really inhabitants care about, also carefully inspired by the on-site signs
- NEEDS: change is possible only after researching and understanding what are the basic needs of the people
Step 5: Reflection
Working on a landscape is not only physical matter but it also changes personal and social behavior. So it’s very important to have a shared view of the future between people who live the landscape in their everyday life. To reach such general consensus designers and experts have to work on the appropriate mood, that would influence the project in a very tangible way. In order to achieve a large understanding of the community, it is necessary to have a bottom-up approach, a socially inclusive process is characterized by participating, studying the environment, visualizing, communicating and designing. Participatory design is a force of change in the creation of human environments creating benefits such as citizen empowerment, increasing social capital and promoting a sense of community. By implementing principles of integrated and sustainable development of landscapes and human settlements, we can help to end poverty, reduce inequalities, promote economic growth, achieve gender equality, improve human health and well being and protect the environment.
Step 6: Revised manifestoes
- please look again at your initial manifestoes and update them with any new aspects/prespectives you have taken up during this seminar
Assignment 2 - Your Landscape Symbols
- You can read more details about this assignment here
Landscape Symbols Author 1: Sanja Budinski
Every person born in Vojvodina has an emotional attachment for Panonian plain. As our childhood homeland, we are deeply connected to its openness, and especially for people who left, it evokes homesickness and a bit of sadness. And the symbol of that plain is Djeram - old irrigation tool used to extract water out of the well. It stands there as a lonely monument in the middle of the flat land emphasizing it's wideness and reminding us of some passed, simpler times..46.110607, 19.700348
Landscape Symbols Author 2: Sarah Jankowski
The maypole is located on the plaza next to the new building of the university Weihenstephan-Triesdorf in Freising. Maypoles are placed by hand on the first of may in nearly all villages in bavaria. Around that event everyone who's living in the surrounding of it comes there in the typical bavarian dress in order to dance under it. On top of that there's a big celebration. On the maypole you can see arms, which caracterize the village.48°23'58.0"N 11°43'39.6"E
This is one of two lions of the lions gate waiting for you to pass it. It's in Freising on the Weihenstephan hill, on the campus of my university. That's why you enter it every day when you have lectures or projects at the HSWT. In bavaria you can find lots of lions as figures, pictures or even on the bavarian flag, because the lion is one symbol of bavaria. Furthermore lions have different symbolic meanings in many countries. 48°23'45.1"N 11°43'53.3"E
Landscape Symbols Author 3: farzaneh Rezabeigy Sani
Landscape Symbols Author 5: Giulia Chiussi
San Luca's Holy Virgin Sanctuary. When you arrive in Bologna this Sanctuary is the first thing you see. It was built as we know it in the 1700 in the the middle of the hills became one of the symbols of Bologna. It was destination for many pilgrims, so it was built a 4km-long portico thanks to the contribution of all citizens. The portico it's like a snake that is crushed by the Holy Virgin. N 44.480773 E 11.300627599999984
Cinema Lumière. It was born in 1984 in an active place for political students' movement and cradle for cultural initiatives, now it's in the ex-slaughterhouse. It's a special movie theatre because it offers the possibility to watch film in original language with subtitles. It's a cultural reference point for all the people because it offers many initiatives at cheap prices or for free: on summer it organizes film projections in the main square of the city. It's the symbol for open culture. N 44.5020245 E 11.334456100000011
MAMbo. It was built in 1915 as a bakery to help people during the war and became the Modern Art Museum in the middle of XX century. Once mostly used for commercial and production activities, this area is now the symbol of experimentation and innovation. The link is strenghtened by the renewal of the ancient buildings. N 44.5027213 E 11.336569199999985
Assignment 3 - Role Play on Landscape Democracy "movers and shakers"
- You can read more details about this assignment here
Giulia: James Rojas (place-it)
Sarah: Walter Hood
Sanja: Hester Randolph
Farzaneh: Jan Gehl
Assignment 4 - Your Landscape Democracy Challenge
- You can read more details about this assignment here
- Each group member will specify a landscape democracy challenge in his/her environment
- Each Landscape Democracy Challenge should be linked to two or three of UN's 17 sustainable development Goals
Landscape Democracy challenge Sanja Budinski
why did you select this case?The Krivaja River, 109 kilometers long, is the longest watercourse that flows throughout Vojvodina, Serbia. However, due to the launch of new industrial plants that directly pollute the river, especially in the municipality of Backa Topola, this watercourse is now completely dead. Location: 45.826527, 19.512625
what is the issue/conflict The pollution, coming mostly from meat factories, but also from the intensive agriculture and sewage has tremendously bad effect on the population in the area. Weight of the problem can be seen from the example of the fact that people cannot open their windows because of the unbearable odor coming from the river. Furthermore, even though the pollution hasn't reached the local water supply system, in the event of a change in pressure, the pollutant could reach water pipes. (1)
what is the issue/conflict - Besides affecting local population directly and indirectly, pollution in river Krivaja has negative effects on biodiversity and overall environment. As the largest river with the source in Vojvodina, Krivaja has the potential to develop tourism, fishing and irrigation systems. However, the river in such a bad ecological state can not provide ecosystem services; but instead, it can only have negative impact on its surroundings.(2)
who are the actors? - Inspection for water pollution confirmed that there are several industry facilities mostly responsible for polluting the river. IM Topola (meat industry), Topiko Perutnina Ptuj (slaughter and processing of poultry meat), AIK Zibel (processing of animal waste) and JKP Komgrad (secondary municipal wastewater) are the companies having the most impact. Part of the Krivaja pollution problem is also diffuse pollution originating from the arable land surrounding it. Citizens themselves also have the role in polluting. Because Krivaja passes through several villages that do not have sewage, some households have connected their fecal drains directly to the riverbed.
UN's Sustainable Development Goal? The problem of Krivaja river is directly connected with the lack of systemic approach and cooperation among actors. The goal number 12 of the UN's 17 sustainable development Goals i.e. Responsible consumption and production could be a starting point in reversing degradation and polluting and increasing the quality of life.
Your references:
- http://www.rtv.rs/sr_lat/vojvodina/krivaja-mrtva-ko-je-odgovoran_540425.html
- https://talasic.wordpress.com/2014/01/17/reka-krivaja/
- http://www.agronews.rs/reka-krivaja-pretvorena-u-kanal-otpadnih-voda/#prettyPhoto
- http://voice.org.rs/drzavne-institucije-odgovorne-za-zagadenje-krivaje/
- https://www.dnevnik.rs/vojvodina/najduza-vojvodanska-reka-pretvorena-u-kanal-otpadnih-voda-17-09-2017
- https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/
Landscape Democracy challenge Sarah
caption: Freising the university and dome town with about 50.000 inhabitants is located in the north of munich next to the munich airport. Its history goes back to 739 A.D. That's why you can find an old city center here. Because of changed human needs the city center is redesigned during a huge planning process. That's why I chose this case. 48°24'01.9"N 11°44'37.5"E
caption: One of the main conflicts or issues in the city center of Freising is the abundance of traffic and its different road users like car drivers bicyclists and pedestrians. This together with the missing accessibility for all people causes many incidents. Furthermore, you hardly find public squares where you are able to rest, it's noisy and in general a out-of-date and not sustainable design.
caption: With these 3 pictures I'd like to point to the conflict of the less squares and the missing identity of the city center. Some years ago, the city center had a strong character because of the beautiful stream, which has been flowing through the city. Since the space was needed for cars, the Moosach was overbuilt and together with its beauty disappeared under the streets. Until 2020 it is going to be opened again.
caption: The actors of the redesign of the city center Freising are the town Freising itself, the inhabitants, landscape architects who participated at the landscape architectural competition, the association of "lebenfindetinnenstadt.de" and the "Städtebauförderung" (urban development promotion program). This project was aimed at public participation, in particular to create a place for everybody with handicap or not. However, there had been some problems with the residents who are living in the inner city. They should pay the bill for the constructions. These troubles are solved now.
caption: The city of Freising and the planner team set up the goal 11 of the sustainable development goals of the united nations, which is "sustainable cities and communities".Therefore they developed a masterplan including an accessible pedestrian area, public squares, mobile trees, improved lighting and flooring. The interaction of these factors leads to a better identity of the town, reduces the noise and the accidents and embellishs the community.
Your references:
- https://innenstadt.freising.de/
- https://innenstadt.freising.de/fileadmin/user_upload/Waermenetz/Flyer-Waermenetz-Innenstadt-2017.pdf
- https://www.strauma.com/landschaftsarchitekten/de/projekte/plaetze---fussgaengerzonen/innenstadt-freising.php
- https://www.freisinger-mitte.de/themen/s/neugestaltung-innenstadt/_/chronik.html
- http://www.lebenfindetinnenstadt.de/index.php?id=23
- https://www.un.org/sustainabledevelopment/sustainable-development-goals/
Landscape Democracy challenge Farzaneh
caption: why did you select this case?Imam-Husein Square was one of the oldest traditional and commercial districts in the capital, the important reason why I chose this area is that renovation of this square is one the few urban projects that are done in Tehran, and unfortnately completely unsuccessful.
caption: what is the issue/conflict (2)as you see in the picture, there is an underpass behind the square. traffic problems seem to be solved here, but a lot of homeless people spend the night in the outlying places which are the products of this unappealing design. all the small shops and retails disappeared, and despite of religious ambiance of the place, prostitutes stand there at night and seek for their opportunities.
caption: who are the actors? clearly, this project is a top-down process, even the consulting companies acted beneath the government. the head designer was a foreigner who didnt completely dominated Iranian culture and architecture. ultimately the space and its components were designed in a modern way.
caption: UN's Sustainable Development Goal? the second useful goal and approach that we can have is to operating system like a roundtrip. for instance in the Imam Husein square if we iniate a new design but in every section we make sure of our products and usage pattern of people, it would give a very nice opportunity to create the best design.
Landscape Democracy Challenge Giulia
Your references:
Assignment 5 - Your Democratic Change Process
- You can read more details about this assignment here
- After documenting and reflecting on your challenges you will continue jointly with one of these challenges and design a democratic change process
Your democratic change process
Reflection
- Our chosen challenge of Freising's center redevelopment showed us how different approaches to the participation in space planning and design can take positive or negative directions in people's attitudes and community's overall mood. Comparing the present real situation and ways stakeholders are dealing with the situation, with the theory findings we learned that participation has to involve much more than only information and that more effort put into meaningful participation can make a huge difference to how the people perceive their surroundings and take ownership of it.
Conclusion:
- Social component in designing the space has a leading role in successful projects. Encouraging participation in a meaningful way and adjusting it to different groups will bring benefits for all.
- In order to improve the vitality of a space in economic, social and environmentally friendly way, stewardship can play a leading role in changing towards better places. But in order to get it, users of the place need to come together, to motivate and educate each other.
- Distribution of power needs to take place in order to achieve best results in the democratic planning of places, but it is even more important to educate people about their rights as well as real values of the place itself.
Your references
- https://innenstadt.freising.de/veranstaltungen-aktionen.html
- https://www.merkur.de/lokales/freising/freising-ort28692/kuddelmuddel-freisinger-kritisiert-pflasterarbeiten-in-innenstadt-9371890.html