LED Online Seminar 2018 - Working Group 4

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Dear working group members. This is your group page and you will be completing the template gradually as we move through the seminar. Good luck and enjoy your collaboration!

Assignment 1 - Reading and Synthesizing Core Terminology

  • You can read more details about this assignment here
  • Readings are accessible via the resources page

Step 1: Your Landscape Democracy Manifestoes

  • Araceli Quempumil's manifesto

    Araceli Quempumil's manifesto

  • Ivan's manifesto

    Ivan's manifesto

  • Jonas's manifesto

    Jonas's manifesto

  • Elnaz's manifesto 1

    Elnaz's manifesto 1

  • Elnaz's manifesto 2

    Elnaz's manifesto 2

  • Souleima's manifesto

    Souleima's manifesto

Step 2: Define your readings

  • Please add your readings selection for the terminology exercise before April 18:

A: Landscape and Democracy

IvanOskian - Lynch, Kevin. (1960): The Image of the City, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press

Souleima Damak - Olwig, Kenneth R. (1996): "Recovering the Substantive Nature of Landscape" In: Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 86 (4), pp. 630-653. Cambridge/Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

Souleima Damak - Kucan, Ana (2007). Constructing Landscape Conceptions. In: ECLAS (ed.). JoLA spring 2007, 30-41. Munich: Callwey.

B: Concepts of Participation

Elnaz Imani - Day, Christopher (2002): Consensus Design, Architectural Press


C: Community and Identity

Jonas Löhle - URBACT programme, The European Territorial Cooperation programme aiming to foster sustainable integrated urban development across Europe.

Elnaz Imani - Welk Von Mossner, Alexa (2014): Cinematic Landscapes, In: Topos, No. 88, 2014.

Araceli Quempumil - Gafford, Farrah D. (2013): It Was a Real Village: Community Identity Formation Among Black Middle-Class Residents in Pontchartrain Park, Journal of Urban History.

IvanOskian - Nassauer, Joan Iverson (1995): Culture and Changing Landscape Structure, Landscape Ecology, vol. 10 no. 4


D: Designing

Araceli Quempumil - Smith, Nicola Dawn(2012): Design Charrette: A Vehicle for Consultation or Collaboration


E: Communicating a Vision

Elnaz Imani - Goldstein, B. E., A. T. Wessells, R. Lejano, and W. Butler. 2015. Narrating Resilience: Transforming Urban Systems Through Collaborative Storytelling. Urban Studies. 52 (7): 1285-1303

Steps 3 and 4: Concepts Selection and definition

  • Each group member selects three relevant concepts derived from his/her readings and synthesize them/publish them on the wiki by May 9, 2018
  • Group members reflect within their groups and define their chosen concepts into a shared definition to be posted on the wiki by June 6, 2018.
  • Other group members will be able to comment on the definitions until June 12, 2018
  • Each group will also report on their process to come to a set of shared definitions of key landscape democracy concepts on the wiki documentation until June 20, 2018

Concepts and definitions

Author 1: Araceli Quempumil

Smith, Nicola Dawn(2012): Design Charrette: A Vehicle for Consultation or Collaboration

  • Participation and collaboration: using the design charrette as a model of participation and creativity for reshaping the engagement of design professionals and making the processes available to business and organisations
  • Concept stage: Improvisation, exploration through drawing and creative thinking are core values for collaborative processes
  • Methodology for a good charrette: "The Nine Rules for a Good Charrette" 1. Design with everyone. 2. Start with a blank sheet. 3. Build from a policy base. 4. Provide just enough information. 5. Talk, doodle, draw. 6. Think jazz not classical. 7. Lead without leading. 8. Move in, move out, move across. 9. The drawing is a contract.


Gafford, Farrah D. (2013): It Was a Real Village: Community Identity Formation Among Black Middle-Class Residents in Pontchartrain Park, Journal of Urban History

The black middle-class residents:

  • Identity: through attending church services, visiting neighbourhood friends and participation in neighbourhood organisations
  • Strong communal bonds: pride, experiences, revitalisation by restoring homes, helping their parents rebuild and reestablishing a neighbourhood organisation in which members help create new housing for the heavily damaged neigbourhood
  • Segregation: between the black and white residents in New Orleans. "Black spaces" where the black middle-class residents could conduct part of their lives away from the threat of white violence, intimidation and harassment. E.g. "coloured" shopping areas instead of shopping in "white" shops

Author 2: IvanO


Lynch, Kevin The Image of the City

In an urban environment, people orient themselves using mental maps, these mental images gives the public a sense of emotional security and sets the ground for communication; this images compound of: Identity: uniqueness of the urban elements, Structure: the link between urban components and other systems, Meaning: the value of the urban elements to the observer.

Legibility - a term introduced in this book - is the central concept of this publication, characterizes the way people read the cityscape and engages in their way-finding around it.

Lynch’s Five Elements: Paths: routes on which people and goods flow, Edges: make the distinction a part of urban fabric from another, Districts: unmistakable characters, despite the fuzziness of its edges, Nodes: where activities take place, Landmarks: elements that stand out in the urban fabric.

In an urban environment, people orient themselves using mental maps, legibility - a term introduced in this book - is the central concept of this publication, characterizes the way people read the cityscape and engages in their way-finding around it.

Urban planners, according to Lynch, should create a clear mental maps for the planned region to help people in orienting themselves in the built environment, furthermore Lynch emphasizes on the capability of the community in operating and acting upon their environment.


Nassauer, Joan Iverson Culture and Changing Landscape Structure


Changes in landscape is driven by culture, at the same time culture is manifested by landscape, both aspects are encircled by landscape ecology, a term that exceeds the boundary of research and could be characterized as the following: The behaviour of human beings with ecological systems Land uses in the nature, Investigating landscape at human scale.

Researches conducted on this topic, focus mostly landscape structure disregarding the human behaviour, a more practical approach is constructed by pointing out that humans not only build landscape up but they manage it, read it and make decisions based on how they perceive it; this shows that landscape is blocked out by culture.

Climate, geomorphology or vegetations do not pin down culture. Landscape is shaped according to the political systems, economics, aesthetics quality and lastly the tradition of the place, the mentioned points are summarized by the label of culture.

Cultural principles have been introduced to serve as basis for designing landscapes, these guidelines could be summarized by: Human perception of landscape, Influence of culture on the landscape pattern, Nature in the point of view of culture/ science.


Block by Block

Minecraft is an adventurous game, proceeded in a 3d sandbox environment, gives players the freedom in choosing how the game flows, by building their surrounding settings with pixelated cubes.

Interestingly enough Minecraft has been used not for entertaining, but for shaping out the world, Mojang - the creators of this game and the UN Programme for Sustainable Cities brought this game to communities, aiming to fill the gap between communities and decision makers.

Ever since 2012 this method is applied in more than 30 locations, where the organizers gave use the language of Minecraft to design their neighborhood.

Author 3:Jonas Löhle (URBACT)

  • open decision-making and planning culture - citizens and civil society are strongly involved
  • transnational exchange between european cities - work together to develop effective and sustainable responses to major urban challenges and societal changes
  • implementation of lasting policies - improve the capacity of cities to manage sustainable urban policies and practices in an integrated and participative way

'Author 4: Elnaz Imani'

  • (Day, Christopher (2002): Consensus Design, Architectural Press)

Versus democracy, which means the right of the majority to impose its will on the minority, consensus design is about everybody getting what, after working together and listening to the whole situation, they have come to want. This could work at a pre-emotive level, when we agree about the "soul quality" and essence of situation.

  • (Welk Von Mossner, Alexa (2014): Cinematic Landscapes, In: Topos, No. 88, 2014)

Landscape always plays an important and active role in the lifelong narrative, even in fiction film.

  • (Goldstein, B. E., A. T. Wessells, R. Lejano, and W. Butler. 2015. Narrating Resilience: Transforming Urban Systems Through Collaborative Storytelling. Urban Studies. 52 (7): 1285-1303)

Urban resilience signals a capacity to self-organise at various scales and to adjust behaviour in order to adapt to and transform emergent conditions—including the scale of appropriate action. We can do this across various ways of knowing and existing patterns of action, making them particularly powerful and accessible and telling the communities stories in order to identify system properties that are meaningful and compelling and enhance their personal and collective agency.


Author 5: ...

  • ......
  • .......
  • .......

Step 5: Reflection

Landscape always plays an important and active role in the lifelong narrative. Mainly, changes in the landscape are driven by culture, at the same time culture is manifested in the landscape. Researches conducted on this topic, focus mostly landscape structure disregarding the human behavior, a more practical approach is constructed by pointing out that humans not only build landscape up but they manage it, read it and make decisions based on how they perceive it. The landscape is shaped according to the political systems, economics, aesthetics quality and lastly the tradition of the place. The mentioned points are summarized by the label of culture. Cultural principles have been introduced to serve as the basis for designing landscapes. These bases could be summarized by the human perception of landscape, Influence of culture on the landscape pattern, Nature from the point of view of culture/ science. In this way, improvisation, exploration through drawing and creative thinking are core values for collaborative processes. We can do this across various ways of knowing and existing patterns of action, making them particularly powerful and accessible and telling the communities stories in order to identify system properties that are meaningful and compelling and enhance their personal and collective agency across various ways such as 1. Design with everyone. 2. Start with a blank sheet. 3. Build from a policy base. 4. Provide just enough information. 5. Talk, doodle, draw. 6. Think jazz not classical. 7. Lead without leading. 8. Move in, move out, move across. 9. The drawing is a contract.

Step 6: Revised manifestoes

  • please look again at your initial manifestoes and update them with any new aspects/prespectives you have taken up during this seminar
  • Araceli's updated manifesto

    Araceli's updated manifesto

  • Author2's updated manifesto

    Author2's updated manifesto

  • Jonas Löhle's updated manifesto

    Jonas Löhle's updated manifesto

  • Elnaz Imani's updated manifesto

    Elnaz Imani's updated manifesto

  • Author5's updated manifesto

    Author5's updated manifesto

Assignment 2 - Your Landscape Symbols

  • You can read more details about this assignment here

Landscape Symbols Author 1: Araceli Quempumil

  • This is the Opera house in Bjørvika, Oslo. It has become a landmark (as a symbol) and a main attraction for both habitants and tourists in Oslo. The outside of the Opera house symbolizes a new form of a public space, without threes and plants, but geometrical shapes and Italian marble, to illustrate a mountain coming up from the water. The mountains and the nature in Norway is known through: “Allemansretten”. It means that everyone has the right to roam and stay in the outlying areas.

    This is the Opera house in Bjørvika, Oslo. It has become a landmark (as a symbol) and a main attraction for both habitants and tourists in Oslo. The outside of the Opera house symbolizes a new form of a public space, without threes and plants, but geometrical shapes and Italian marble, to illustrate a mountain coming up from the water. The mountains and the nature in Norway is known through: “Allemansretten”. It means that everyone has the right to roam and stay in the outlying areas.

  • Until the last years, this area was almost empty, consisting only an old and ruined pier from the 1900s. Now it has become one of the most "hip" and developed areas in Oslo, with top modern apartments and buildings. In the next years, it will probably become one of Oslos most popular areas. This picture symbolizes changes and development. Geo-location: Bjørvika-Sørenga, Oslo. LAMBDA (new Munch-museum) and apartment-buildings.

    Until the last years, this area was almost empty, consisting only an old and ruined pier from the 1900s. Now it has become one of the most "hip" and developed areas in Oslo, with top modern apartments and buildings. In the next years, it will probably become one of Oslos most popular areas. This picture symbolizes changes and development. Geo-location: Bjørvika-Sørenga, Oslo. LAMBDA (new Munch-museum) and apartment-buildings.

  • Last autumn, these gigantic pots of plants were placed in front of the Oslo central station, as a protection against possible terror threats. Even though they are objects with a specific term of use, they have become a symbol of national security in Oslo.

    Last autumn, these gigantic pots of plants were placed in front of the Oslo central station, as a protection against possible terror threats. Even though they are objects with a specific term of use, they have become a symbol of national security in Oslo.

Landscape Symbols Author 2: Ivan Oskian

  • The history of the country is shaped when the red army took over power in 1920, ever since the face of the war devastated country has changed. Yerevan the capital of Armenia was built on Soviet Ideologies, but the paradigms were shifted after the fall of the USSR. Now Armenia is in the phase of trying to find its own identity.

    The history of the country is shaped when the red army took over power in 1920, ever since the face of the war devastated country has changed. Yerevan the capital of Armenia was built on Soviet Ideologies, but the paradigms were shifted after the fall of the USSR. Now Armenia is in the phase of trying to find its own identity.

Landscape Symbols Auther 3: Jonas Löhle

  • add a caption (one paragraph max) description of the symbolism, interpretation, as well as geo-location

    add a caption (one paragraph max) description of the symbolism, interpretation, as well as geo-location

  • add a caption (one paragraph max) description of the symbolism, interpretation, as well as geo-location

    add a caption (one paragraph max) description of the symbolism, interpretation, as well as geo-location

  • add a caption (one paragraph max) description of the symbolism, interpretation, as well as geo-location

    add a caption (one paragraph max) description of the symbolism, interpretation, as well as geo-location

Landscape Symbols Author 4: Elnaz Imani

  • Arg-e-Alishah was a big citadel in downtown, Tabriz which has been destroyed during the time due to earthquakes, wars, seizures and new constructions. Now only a part of the southern wall of this historical landscape has remained which is called as the Symbol of Tabriz. This remnant is the symbol of greatness, power, prosperity, patience, endurance, innocence, dignity and modesty. Because Tabriz has had many ups and downs throughout history, has experienced difficult times and many events and this building has been with Tabriz and the people of Tabriz during all these times and still shines in Tabriz.

    Arg-e-Alishah was a big citadel in downtown, Tabriz which has been destroyed during the time due to earthquakes, wars, seizures and new constructions. Now only a part of the southern wall of this historical landscape has remained which is called as the Symbol of Tabriz. This remnant is the symbol of greatness, power, prosperity, patience, endurance, innocence, dignity and modesty. Because Tabriz has had many ups and downs throughout history, has experienced difficult times and many events and this building has been with Tabriz and the people of Tabriz during all these times and still shines in Tabriz.

  • Tarbiat Street is one of the old and famous streets in downtown, Tabriz. This pathway was a branch of the Silk Road and has a certain reputation. Tarbiat Street nowadays is a walkway which includes many shopping stores, new malls, accesses to a part of Tabriz old Bazar, Tabriz old neighborhoods and some historical houses. This walkway plays an important role in the perception of space, the feeling of belonging to the environment and the reception of environmental qualities. Tarbiat Street also has a great roll in improvement of collective activity, especially in relation to the city's economy, the quality of the environment and the health of the community. This landscape is a symbol of feeling the passion and mobility in life, discovering the values and attractions in the environment.

    Tarbiat Street is one of the old and famous streets in downtown, Tabriz. This pathway was a branch of the Silk Road and has a certain reputation. Tarbiat Street nowadays is a walkway which includes many shopping stores, new malls, accesses to a part of Tabriz old Bazar, Tabriz old neighborhoods and some historical houses. This walkway plays an important role in the perception of space, the feeling of belonging to the environment and the reception of environmental qualities. Tarbiat Street also has a great roll in improvement of collective activity, especially in relation to the city's economy, the quality of the environment and the health of the community. This landscape is a symbol of feeling the passion and mobility in life, discovering the values and attractions in the environment.

  • El-Golu Mansion is located in the El-Golu garden and lake, which is one of the most important attractions of Tabriz. This historical mansion has special design and position. That is a octangular building in the center of the lake and has openings all its around towards the lake and the garden. The building was previously a royal residence for Qajar courtiers and now is used as a hall for ceremonies. This lake is a beautiful landscape blended with light and color and the mentioned transparent mansion is like a diamond in this bright layer. This landscape is a symbol of purity, clarity, intimacy, generosity, kindness, generality and universality.

    El-Golu Mansion is located in the El-Golu garden and lake, which is one of the most important attractions of Tabriz. This historical mansion has special design and position. That is a octangular building in the center of the lake and has openings all its around towards the lake and the garden. The building was previously a royal residence for Qajar courtiers and now is used as a hall for ceremonies. This lake is a beautiful landscape blended with light and color and the mentioned transparent mansion is like a diamond in this bright layer. This landscape is a symbol of purity, clarity, intimacy, generosity, kindness, generality and universality.

Assignment 3 - Role Play on Landscape Democracy "movers and shakers"

  • You can read more details about this assignment here

Assignment 4 - Your Landscape Democracy Challenge

  • You can read more details about this assignment here
  • Each group member will specify a landscape democracy challenge in his/her environment
  • Each Landscape Democracy Challenge should be linked to two or three of UN's 17 sustainable development Goals

Landscape Democracy Challenge 1 - Araceli Quempumil

  • Socio-economical differences between youth from the westside and eastside of Oslo
  • The last years the Norwegian media has focused on the socio-economical differences between youth from the westside and eastside of Oslo. The differences are increasing, and the consequences of this is divisive and damaging for those affected and the rest of the society. I selected this case because it is a challenge in a desperate need of an solution. These sosio-economic driving forces are affecting my everyday landscape in various scales.

    The last years the Norwegian media has focused on the socio-economical differences between youth from the westside and eastside of Oslo. The differences are increasing, and the consequences of this is divisive and damaging for those affected and the rest of the society. I selected this case because it is a challenge in a desperate need of an solution. These sosio-economic driving forces are affecting my everyday landscape in various scales.

  • The conflict´s core is that Oslo in a way is divided in two. Roughly, the westside concist of many areas where the average person has a higher average pay, compared to a person from the eastside. These areas also do it better on the statistics when it comes to life expectancy, higher education, health, crime among youth and more. Some of the areas in Oslo are homogeneous while others are more diverse: The segregation can be spotted in the everyday life. Also on the many schools in the capital. Your socio-economical status will most probably affect where you grow up and live in Oslo. The price of apartments is high. Some years ago it was much cheaper buying an apartment on the eastside, but now the prices are raising there as well, leading to gentrification, moving those with weak purchasing power further away.

    The conflict´s core is that Oslo in a way is divided in two. Roughly, the westside concist of many areas where the average person has a higher average pay, compared to a person from the eastside. These areas also do it better on the statistics when it comes to life expectancy, higher education, health, crime among youth and more. Some of the areas in Oslo are homogeneous while others are more diverse: The segregation can be spotted in the everyday life. Also on the many schools in the capital. Your socio-economical status will most probably affect where you grow up and live in Oslo. The price of apartments is high. Some years ago it was much cheaper buying an apartment on the eastside, but now the prices are raising there as well, leading to gentrification, moving those with weak purchasing power further away.

  • Eventough some areas on the eastside have been through various area lifts to make it better for the different communities, such as "Töyenlöftet", the challenges still are increasing. Together with children poverty, gang violence and drug abuse among teenagers on the eastside of Oslo, the social difficulties are getting worse. These challenges have existed for decades through generations. A good thing is that when it comes to education statistics (SSB) shows that most females are studying regardless on their social backgrounds.

    Eventough some areas on the eastside have been through various area lifts to make it better for the different communities, such as "Töyenlöftet", the challenges still are increasing. Together with children poverty, gang violence and drug abuse among teenagers on the eastside of Oslo, the social difficulties are getting worse. These challenges have existed for decades through generations. A good thing is that when it comes to education statistics (SSB) shows that most females are studying regardless on their social backgrounds.

  • In this challenge the actors are the different local residents, planners, the police, the government and politicians, and the Norwegian society.

    In this challenge the actors are the different local residents, planners, the police, the government and politicians, and the Norwegian society.

  • This is the subway map in Oslo. Line 5 is known as dividing the east and the west-parts of the capital. There have been several newspaper articles about this subway map, art exhibitions, studies and more.

    This is the subway map in Oslo. Line 5 is known as dividing the east and the west-parts of the capital. There have been several newspaper articles about this subway map, art exhibitions, studies and more.

  • These differences and challenges are so complex that they surpass many of UN´s sustainable Development Goals, and on a long therm they may affect more. Some of the Development Goals the challenges are affecting: 1. No poverty. 2. Zero hunger. 3. Good health and well-being. 4. Quality education. 5. Gender equality. 7. Affordable and clean energy. 8. Decent work and economic growth. 9. Industry, innovation and infrastructure. 10. Reduced inequality 16. Peace, justice and strong institutions. 17.Partnership for the goals.

    These differences and challenges are so complex that they surpass many of UN´s sustainable Development Goals, and on a long therm they may affect more. Some of the Development Goals the challenges are affecting: 1. No poverty. 2. Zero hunger. 3. Good health and well-being. 4. Quality education. 5. Gender equality. 7. Affordable and clean energy. 8. Decent work and economic growth. 9. Industry, innovation and infrastructure. 10. Reduced inequality 16. Peace, justice and strong institutions. 17.Partnership for the goals.

Your references:

  • www.ssb.no
  • www.aftenposten.no

Landscape Democracy Challenge 2 - Ivan Oskian

  • Save Amuslar
  • why did you select this case? Amuslar is a stone throw away from Jermuk, the very known spa town in the province of Vayots Dzor, during Soviet-Armenia Jermuk was a popular destination for medical tourism; it still attracts locals and tourists from the neighbouring countries.

    why did you select this case? Amuslar is a stone throw away from Jermuk, the very known spa town in the province of Vayots Dzor, during Soviet-Armenia Jermuk was a popular destination for medical tourism; it still attracts locals and tourists from the neighbouring countries.

  • what is the issue/conflict The British offshore so called gold developer Lydian International Limited announced its intention to exploit gold in Armenia's largest gold mine Amuslar. Lydian claims to be committed to "high international standards" in prospects of operating and producing, furthermore it affirms its understanding to sustainability and its responsibility towards society.

    what is the issue/conflict The British offshore so called gold developer Lydian International Limited announced its intention to exploit gold in Armenia's largest gold mine Amuslar. Lydian claims to be committed to "high international standards" in prospects of operating and producing, furthermore it affirms its understanding to sustainability and its responsibility towards society.

  • It is foreseen that approximately 70% of the workers on various construction sites in Armenia will be culled to work in this mine, moreover an accommodation camp is being built to host 500 to roughly 1000 workers, not to mention that hotels and apartments in the town will be used by the company to house 250 non-local workers, whom be working on rotational basis. When mining exploitation is over, miners will abandon Jermuk, leaving it with polluted environment and a distorted reputation as a health resort.Lydian hopes that the project could develop the region and help attract potential investors as well as offering jobs to the unemployed workforce of the country.

    It is foreseen that approximately 70% of the workers on various construction sites in Armenia will be culled to work in this mine, moreover an accommodation camp is being built to host 500 to roughly 1000 workers, not to mention that hotels and apartments in the town will be used by the company to house 250 non-local workers, whom be working on rotational basis. When mining exploitation is over, miners will abandon Jermuk, leaving it with polluted environment and a distorted reputation as a health resort.Lydian hopes that the project could develop the region and help attract potential investors as well as offering jobs to the unemployed workforce of the country.

  • The ESIA ( Environmental and Social Impact Assessment) clarifies turning Jermuk from a health resort into a temporary residence for the mine workers. In addition the assessment spelled out and assessed the risks and problems that could occur to Jermuk "such as prostitution, drug consumption, sexually transmitted diseases etc."

    The ESIA ( Environmental and Social Impact Assessment) clarifies turning Jermuk from a health resort into a temporary residence for the mine workers. In addition the assessment spelled out and assessed the risks and problems that could occur to Jermuk "such as prostitution, drug consumption, sexually transmitted diseases etc."

  • who are the actors? President and the Prime Minister of Republic of Armenia - Ambassador of Great Britain to Armenia - Lydian International

    who are the actors? President and the Prime Minister of Republic of Armenia - Ambassador of Great Britain to Armenia - Lydian International

  • UN's Sustainable Development Goal? Well-being for all at all ages is essential to sustainable development.

    UN's Sustainable Development Goal? Well-being for all at all ages is essential to sustainable development.

  • UN's Sustainable Development Goal? Create the conditions that allow people to have quality jobs that stimulate the economy while not harming the environment.

    UN's Sustainable Development Goal? Create the conditions that allow people to have quality jobs that stimulate the economy while not harming the environment.

Your references:

- http://www.lydianinternational.co.uk/

- http://www.ebrd.com/work-with-us/projects/esia/dif-lydian-amulsar-gold-mine-extension.html

- http://www.armecofront.net/en/news/amulsar-mine-and-vague-future-of-jermuk-according-to-lydian/

Landscape Democracy Challenge 4 - Elnaz Imani

  • Excessive constructions in Tabriz
  • With the construction sector experiencing a resurgence in growth, it’s bound to have a detrimental impact on the environment. According to the results, the construction sector uses more than 400 million tons of material a year, many of which has an adverse impact on the environment. Additional research by Construction Products says that the products used during a particular construction job can also have an impact on the surrounding environment, due to the “extraction of raw materials”. Similarly, a number of tools and resources regularly used by contract workers and construction firms, such as chemicals on site and even the Diesel used by diggers and trucks, can significantly “harm public health and the environment,” according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). With this in mind, I choose this case to show the impact in more detail, and investigate the possible solutions.

    With the construction sector experiencing a resurgence in growth, it’s bound to have a detrimental impact on the environment. According to the results, the construction sector uses more than 400 million tons of material a year, many of which has an adverse impact on the environment. Additional research by Construction Products says that the products used during a particular construction job can also have an impact on the surrounding environment, due to the “extraction of raw materials”. Similarly, a number of tools and resources regularly used by contract workers and construction firms, such as chemicals on site and even the Diesel used by diggers and trucks, can significantly “harm public health and the environment,” according to the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA). With this in mind, I choose this case to show the impact in more detail, and investigate the possible solutions.

  • According to new research by construction blog Bimhow, the construction sector contributes to 23% of air pollution, 50% of the climatic change, 40% of drinking water pollution, and 50% of landfill wastes. Construction activity can “significantly change the surface of a land” due in large part to “clearing of vegetation and excavating” which is common on many construction projects. According to the agency, the result means surrounding environments can be heavily polluted, particularly surrounding water pools, which have experienced an increase in pollution as a result of various construction projects in recent years. Worryingly enough, construction activities consume “half of all the Green Gardens” in Tabriz.

    According to new research by construction blog Bimhow, the construction sector contributes to 23% of air pollution, 50% of the climatic change, 40% of drinking water pollution, and 50% of landfill wastes. Construction activity can “significantly change the surface of a land” due in large part to “clearing of vegetation and excavating” which is common on many construction projects. According to the agency, the result means surrounding environments can be heavily polluted, particularly surrounding water pools, which have experienced an increase in pollution as a result of various construction projects in recent years. Worryingly enough, construction activities consume “half of all the Green Gardens” in Tabriz.

  • Around half of all non-renewable resources mankind consumes are used in construction, making it one of the least sustainable industries in the world. However, mankind has spent the majority of its existence trying to manipulate the natural environment to better suit its needs so today our daily lives are carried out in and on constructions of one sort or another: we live in houses, we travel on roads, we work and socialise in buildings of all kinds. Contemporary human civilization depends on buildings and what they contain for its continued existence, and yet our planet cannot support the current level of resource consumption associated with them. There is a wide range of environmental issues concerned with the interaction of the land use, planning system and the construction industry. Almost all development undertaken by the construction industry requires planning permission. This is what all the organizations, construction companies and individuals does not care about the landscape of Tabriz, so most of the gardens in Tabriz have been eliminated from the landscape.

    Around half of all non-renewable resources mankind consumes are used in construction, making it one of the least sustainable industries in the world. However, mankind has spent the majority of its existence trying to manipulate the natural environment to better suit its needs so today our daily lives are carried out in and on constructions of one sort or another: we live in houses, we travel on roads, we work and socialise in buildings of all kinds. Contemporary human civilization depends on buildings and what they contain for its continued existence, and yet our planet cannot support the current level of resource consumption associated with them. There is a wide range of environmental issues concerned with the interaction of the land use, planning system and the construction industry. Almost all development undertaken by the construction industry requires planning permission. This is what all the organizations, construction companies and individuals does not care about the landscape of Tabriz, so most of the gardens in Tabriz have been eliminated from the landscape.

  • In one hand all the related organizations, construction companies and engineers are the actors of these challanges and in the other hand all the Residents are the actors of these problems.

    In one hand all the related organizations, construction companies and engineers are the actors of these challanges and in the other hand all the Residents are the actors of these problems.

  • Using technology to help landscape in the developing world. In this way Technology is a key in the work we do. Accessing modern methods is an attempt that have been used for facing challenges in the developing world. Wind turbines which are used to help the conditions of the environment, have been accepted as the symbol of Tabriz's mountains.

    Using technology to help landscape in the developing world. In this way Technology is a key in the work we do. Accessing modern methods is an attempt that have been used for facing challenges in the developing world. Wind turbines which are used to help the conditions of the environment, have been accepted as the symbol of Tabriz's mountains.

  • Development of parks and green spaces are reviewed in many reconstruction plans , however, there is shown little technical knowledge on planning/designing etc. Technical knowledge for effective utilization of landscape is much needed in times of developing parks and green spaces, so that municipality can more effectively treat the lack of the green spots in Tabriz.

    Development of parks and green spaces are reviewed in many reconstruction plans , however, there is shown little technical knowledge on planning/designing etc. Technical knowledge for effective utilization of landscape is much needed in times of developing parks and green spaces, so that municipality can more effectively treat the lack of the green spots in Tabriz.

Your references:

for thermal protection of buildings. Build Environ 2005;40(11):1505e11.

  • D. Gann, Building Innovation: Complex Constructs in a Changing World

Thomas Telford, London (2000).

  • J. Giesekam, et al.,The greenhouse gas emissions and mitigation options for materials used in UK construction Energy Build., 78 (2014), pp. 202-214.
  • C. Zhang, L. Canning, Application of non-conventional materials in construction, in: Proceedings of the ICE – Construction Materials, 164(CM4), 2011, pp. 165–172.

Landscape Democracy Challenge 5 - Souleima Damak

  • Give a title to your challenge
  • Yourname challenge 1.jpg

    caption: why did you select this case?

  • Yourname challenge 2.jpg

    caption: what is the issue/conflict (1)

  • Yourname challenge 3.jpg

    caption: what is the issue/conflict (2)

  • Yourname challenge 4.jpg

    caption: who are the actors?

  • Yourname challenge 5.jpg

    caption: UN's Sustainable Development Goal?

  • Yourname challenge 6.jpg

    caption: UN's Sustainable Development Goal?

Your references:

  • ...
  • ...

Assignment 5 - Your Democratic Change Process

  • You can read more details about this assignment here
  • After documenting and reflecting on your challenges you will continue jointly with one of these challenges and design a democratic change process

Your Democratic Change Process

  • Choking Stuttgart
  • Your Democratic Change Process 01.JPG
  • Your Democratic Change Process 02.JPG
  • LED- powermap.jpg
  • Your Democratic Change Process 04.JPG
  • Your Democratic Change Process 05.jpg

Reflection

  • If landscape is understood in such democratic terms then the values of those who engage with a landscape and have intimate knowledge and experiences becomes fundamental.
  • In the case of community development, there are multifaceted influences of socioeconomic changes which affect, to greater or lesser extents, development's progress and sustainability. More importantly, suitable solutions in coping with such dynamic changes cannot depend solely on instinct and experience but require knowledge relevant to the context of a specific area with an interdisciplinary approach to project design and implementation.
  • As discussed in this article, socioeconomic conditions in each area varied from each other which is due partly to the differences in physical landscapes and environments. This has also been a significant determining factor for development activists to take into consideration during the process of project development and implementation, and it somewhat influences the continuity and sustainability of the development as a result.

Conclusion:

  • The most obvious cause of inequality is an inherent difference in competitive power of the actors. Particular sets of traits give some species a competitive edge, just as in society some individuals have traits that set them up for entrepreneurial success. Furthermore, dominance can be self-reinforcing.
  • Our analysis suggests that due to the very same mathematical principle that rules natural communities (indeed, a “law of nature”) extreme wealth inequality is inevitable in a globalizing world unless effective wealth-equalizing institutions are installed on a global scale.
  • By forwarding an understanding of the dynamics of landscape planning, and the differences, conflicts and power relations that are present in participatory processes, we could develop a theorisation of landscape as a democratic entity.
  • It is a fact that rural development activity would not exist and continue without public participation. The people can participate in, or be willing to join, development activity if such activity is accessible for them.

Your references

  • Lynch, Kevin. (1960): The Image of the City, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT PressSmith.
  • Day, Christopher (2002): Consensus Design, Architectural Press.
  • URBACT programme, The European Territorial Cooperation programme aiming to foster sustainable integrated urban development across Europe.
  • Gafford, Farrah D. (2013): It Was a Real Village: Community Identity Formation Among Black Middle-Class Residents in Pontchartrain Park, Journal of Urban History.
  • Nassauer, Joan Iverson (1995): Culture and Changing Landscape Structure, Landscape Ecology, vol. 10 no. 4.
  • Smith, Nicola Dawn(2012): Design Charrette: A Vehicle for Consultation or Collaboration.
  • Goldstein, B. E., A. T. Wessells, R. Lejano, and W. Butler. 2015. Narrating Resilience: Transforming Urban Systems Through Collaborative Storytelling. Urban Studies. 52 (7): 1285-1303.


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