Resources and Literature Landscape and Democracy

A: Landscape and Democracy - Mapping the Terrain

Policy frameworks, laws and resolutions

United Nations

The Aarhus Convention on Access to Information, Public Participation in Decision-making and Access to Justice in Environmental Matters

Council of Europe

The European Landscape Convention
Presentation of the report Landscape and democracy: prospects by Yves Luginbühl for the Council of Europe

European Union (Parliament and Council)

International Federation of Landscape Architects (IFLA-Europe)

Landscape Democracy Resolution

European Council of Spatial Planners

European Charter on Participatory Democracy (under consultation)

Landscape Concepts

Antrop, Marc; Kühne, Olaf (2015) Concepts of Landscape, in: Landscape Culture - Culturing Landscapes. The Differentiated Construction of Landscapes (Bruns, Kühne, Schönwald, Theile ed.)

Burckhardt, Lucius (1979): Why is landscape beautiful? in: Fezer/Schmitz (Eds.) Rethinking Man-made Environments (2012)

Cosgrove, Denis (2004): Landscape and Landschaft. Lecture delivered at the “Spatial Turn in History” Symposium, German Historical Institute, February 19, 2004.

Cosgrove, Denis. (1985): Prospect, Perspective and the Evolution of the Landscape Idea. In: Transactions of the Institute of British Geographers, New Series, Vol. 10, No. 1 (1985),pp. 45-62. Published by: Blackwell Publishing on behalf of The Royal Geographical Society (with the Institute of British Geographers).

Kucan, Ana (2007). Constructing Landscape Conceptions. In: ECLAS (ed.). JoLA spring 2007, 30-41. Munich: Callwey.

Jackson, John Brinckerhoff (1980): "By way of conclusion. How to study the landscape" In: The necessity for ruins, and other topics, 113-126. Amherst: University of Massachusetts Press.

Lynch, Kevin. (1960): The Image of the City, Cambridge, Mass.: MIT Press

Meinig, D. W. (1979): "The Beholding Eye: Ten Versions of the Same Scene." In: The Interpretation of Ordinary Landscapes: Geographical Essays, edited by D. W. Meinig and John Brinckerhoff Jackson, 33-48. New York: Oxford University Press.

Meinig, D.W. (1979): "Reading the landscape. An appreciation of W.G. Hoskins and J-B. Jackson." In: The Interpretation of ordinary landscapes: Geographical essays, edited by D. W. Meinig and John Brinckerhoff Jackson, 195-237. New York: Oxford University Press.

Olwig, Kenneth R. (1996): "Recovering the Substantive Nature of Landscape" In: Annals of the Association of American Geographers, 86 (4), pp. 630-653. Cambridge/Oxford: Blackwell Publishers.

Sieverts, Thomas (2003): Cities without cities. An interpretation of the Zwischenstadt. English language ed. London: Spon Press.

B: Concepts of Participation

Required readings and resources for April 28th:

Arnstein, Sherry R.(1969): A Ladder of Citizen Participation, JAIP, Vol. 35, No. 4

Hester, Randolph (1999): A Refrain with a View, UC Berkeley

Hester, Randolph (2005): Whose Politics, Landscape Architecture

Sanoff, Henry (2014): Multiple Views of Participatory Design, Focus

Davis, Mike (1990): Fortress Los Angeles: The Militarization of Urban Space, From: City of Quartz: Excavating the Future in Los Angeles

Gaventa, John: The Powerful, the Powerless, and the Experts

Hester, Randolph (2012): Evaluating Community Design, Landscape Journal

Day, Christopher (2002): Consensus Design, Architectural Press

Required readings and resources for May 5th:

Furco, Andrew (1996): Service-learning: A balanced approach to experiential education

Further recommended readings and resources:

Burckhardt, Lucius (1957): Urban Planning and Democracy in: Fezer/Schmitz (Eds.) Rethinking Man-made Environments (2012)
Burckhardt, Lucius (1974): Who plans the planning? in: Fezer/Schmitz (Eds.) Rethinking Man-made Environments (2012)
David, Harvey (2003): The Right to the City, International Journal of Urban and Regional Research, Volume 27, Issue 4, pages 939–941
Freire, Paulo (2000): Pedagogy of the Oppressed, Continuum
Park, Peter: What Is Participatory Research? A Theoretical and Methodological Perspective
Selle, Klaus (1994): Was ist bloß mit der Planung los? Erkundungen auf dem Weg zum kooperativen Handeln.(GERMAN, not open access)
LIFEscape Handbook on Participative Landscape Planning

C: Community and Identity

Required readings and resources for May 12th:

Hester, Randolph (2006): Design for Ecological Democracy, The MIT Press

Spirn, Anne (2005): Restoring Mill Creek

Welk Von Mossner, Alexa (2014): Cinematic Landscapes, In: Topos, No. 88, 2014.

Gafford, Farrah D. (2013): It Was a Real Village: Community Identity Formation Among Black Middle-Class Residents in Pontchartrain Park, Journal of Urban History 39:36

Woodend, Lorayne (2013): A Study into the Practice of Machizukuri, RTPI

Further recommended readings and resources:

Girling, Cynthia (2006): Informing Design Charrettes, The Integrated Assessment Journal

Nassauer, Joan Iverson (1995): Culture and Changing Landscape Structure, Landscape Ecology, vol. 10 no. 4.

SEISMIC project, An urban research and innovation project across 10 European countries

URBACT programme, The European Territorial Cooperation programme aiming to foster sustainable integrated urban development across Europe

CBS, Community-Built Association of the U.S.

Francis, Mark: A Case Study Method for Landscape Architecture

Hester, Randolph (2006): Design for Ecological Democracy - Sacredness, The MIT Press

D: The Design Process

Required readings and resources for May 26th:

Hester, Randolph: Life, Liberty and the Pursuit of Sustainable Happiness

Kot, Douglas and Ruggeri, Deni: Westport Case Study

Hester, Randolph: Democratic Drawing - Techniques for Participatory Design

Smith, Nicola Dawn(2012): Design Charrette: A Vehicle for Consultation or Collaboration

Massachusetts Institute of Technology (2013): Places in the Making: How Placemaking Builds Places and Communities

Further recommended readings and resources:

Ruggeri, Deni (2004): Crafting Westport, Department of Landscape Architecture and Environmental Planning, University of California, Berkeley , CA (co-author)